Abstract Details

Title Delivery of Neurocritical Care Services to Critically Ill Patients with Altered Mental Status Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Center Study

Topic Neuro Trauma and Critical Care

Presentation(s) P9 - Poster Session 9 (5:30 PM-6:30 PM)

Poster/Presentation
Number 1-002

Background Reduced utilization of inpatient radiology and routine diagnostic procedures has been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized there was a reduction in the use of neurologic diagnostic procedures for patients with altered mental status.

Objective Compare neurocritical care delivery and outcomes in patients with altered mental status before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/Methods Single-center retrospective study of critically-ill patients (age >18 years) at a large academic center in the United States. ICD-10 codes for altered mental status were used to identify eligible patients: 339 in pre COVID-19 period (June-December 2019); 145 in the first wave (April-July 2020); 279 in the second wave (April-July 2020). CPT codes were used to quantify neurocritical care procedures: head CTs, brain MRIs, lumbar punctures, and long-term monitoring EEGs.

Results There were no significant differences in gender, race, Comorbidity Index, or length of stay comparing the pre-COVID-19 period to each COVID-19 wave. Patients in the pre-COVID period were older (median age 64 years vs 60 years in each COVID phase; p=0.0001). There was no significant change in the frequency of head CT or MRIs, and long-term EEGs performed in patients with altered mental status across the three periods. The frequency of LPs decreased; 8% in the pre-COVID period vs 6% and 4% (p=0.025) in the respective COVID periods. There was no significant difference in in-hospital mortality for patients with altered mental status across the three periods (OR 0.95 [0.78-1.08] p=0.31).

Conclusions In a large academic center the frequency of neurocritical care radiologic procedures and continuous EEG were not significantly impacted by the pandemic. Additional analysis is indicated to determine if the reduction in diagnostic LPs can be explained by differences in etiology of altered mental status across the three periods. Larger studies can determine whether the pandemic has differentially impacted neurocritical care delivery across varying resource settings.

Authors/Disclosures
Jonathan R. Crowe, MD (University of Virginia Neurology Department) PRESENTER	Dr. Crowe has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Emergency Call for Heart Attack and Stroke.
	No disclosure on file
Lidia Maria V. Moura, MD, PhD, MPH, FAAN (Massachusetts General Hospital)	Dr. Moura has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Consultant for eNova. Dr. Moura has received personal compensation in the range of $50,000-$99,999 for serving as a Consultant for Epilepsy Foundation. The institution of Dr. Moura has received research support from NIH-NIA - 1K08AG053380-01A1. The institution of Dr. Moura has received research support from NIH-NIA 5R01AG062282-02 . The institution of Dr. Moura has received research support from NIH-NIA 2P01AG032952-11 . The institution of Dr. Moura has received research support from NIH- NIA 3R01AG062282-03S1 . The institution of Dr. Moura has received research support from Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC SIP20-007) . The institution of Dr. Moura has received research support from Epilepsy Foundation of America .
	No disclosure on file
Sahar Zafar, MD	Dr. Zafar has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as a Consultant for Corticare. Dr. Zafar has received research support from NIH. Dr. Zafar has received personal compensation in the range of $5,000-$9,999 for serving as a Speaker for a lecture with Marinus.